pain management

Allied health professional confidence in giving prehospital fascia iliaca blocks

The primary aim of this study was to determine factors affecting AHPs' confidence in administering FIBs in patients with a suspected neck of femur fracture in a prehospital setting..

Intravenous ketamine as an analgesia in prehospital adult trauma patients

The author independently chose to conduct a systematic literature review as it allows simultaneous searches of electronic databases while being the most effective method to find the best current,...

Prescribing for paramedics: pharmacodynamics

Many drugs exert their effect on the body via an action on cells. The net effect of this can be to:.

The prescribing paramedic: a pharmacology series

Pharmacology is a key component of undergraduate paramedic programmes. The HCPC (2014) and the College of Paramedics (CoP, 2019) curriculum guidance include pharmacology explicitly in standards and...

Prehospital emergency anaesthesia: time taken to care for and respond to a critically injured patient

One of the first questions raised when researching PHEA is: what is it best referred to as? The SOP produced by Pinnell and Pountney (2015), followed by the ambulance trust, is so titled, but refers...

Fascia iliaca compartment block: a short how-to guide

FICB is a simple technique, and allows a high quality of analgesia to be given without the side effects of opiate analgesia. FICB is the current gold standard in the management of neck of femur...

Methoxyflurane (Penthrox®)—a case series of use in the prehospital setting

These case reports are from prehospital settings and involve patients experiencing traumatic injuries who were attended by rapid response doctors. The cases are from the UK and Ireland..

Best practice technique in intramuscular injection

In this month's Clinical Skills article, best practice for the administration of intramuscular (IM) injections will be discussed. It is important to re-visit clinical skills as many are taught during...

A review of ketorolac as a prehospital analgesic

Ketorolac is an NSAID, which has its action through the inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis. As an NSAID, ketorolac inhibits the action of the cyclooxygenase enzymes (COX-1 and COX-2), which...

Pre-hospital management of pain associated with an acute sickle cell crisis

In 2004, the London Ambulance Service conducted a clinical audit of SCD patients. The review showed that subjective pain scoring was recorded poorly by crews and that eligible patients did not receive...

Appropriate pain assessment tools for use in patients with dementia in the out-of-hospital environment

Defining pain is complex; however, it is generally agreed to be an unpleasant, emotive and personal experience (Briggs, 2010; Steeds, 2013). Pain is generally split into two categories: nociceptive...

The diagnosis and management of acute cluster headache in the out-of-hospital environment

A review of contemporary literature on cluster headaches has been conducted to inform this article, specifically keeping in mind that any development of practice needs be carefully balanced with...