Lactate measurement in pre-hospital care: a review of the literature

Lactate was frst described in the late 18th century by KW Scheele, a Swedish chemist. Lactate can be produced in all bodily tissue but is mainly produced by the skeletal muscles, skin, red blood...

Reducing the risk of postpartum haemorrhage in paramedic practice

The World Health Organization (WHO) defnes postpartum haemorrhage as ‘a [blood] loss of 500 ml or more from the genital tract after delivery’ (WHO, 2008). However, the RCOG (2009) suggests most...

Paramedic decision-making–how is it done?

In 1966, the Millar Report (Ministry of Health) recommended intensive training for ambulance personnel that included frst aid, care of the seriously ill and the required skills following accidents and...

CURE (Community Urgent Response Environment): portable work stations

The project protocol used an iterative prototyping approach (Figure 1)..

Anaesthesia trauma and critical care course

In conclusion, the specific contents of the ATACC course would be a highly applicable to paramedics working in critical care roles, especially those working with a team undertaking pre-hospital...

The ambulance service: the past, present and future

The second challenge has been recognised for some time and was the subject of a detailed study Life in the Fast Lane, published by the Audit Commission in 1998 (Audit Commission, 1998) and considered...

Pre-hospital thrombolysis: end of an era?

About 20 years ago several clinical trials were undertaken to investigate whether thrombolysis given quickly in the more vulnerable out of hospital environment would result in better outcomes than...

Adult sepsis in a pre-hospital environment

Sepsis occurs when a simple infection develops to cause an overwhelming, inappropriate infammatory response. The causative pathogen is identifed by the host's innate (non-specifc) immune system, which...

Making the transition to high quality CPR: implications for paramedic practice

Hands-off time is any time interval where chest compressions are not being done while a patient is in cardiac arrest. In general, the goal during CPR is to minimise hands-off time and maximise chest...

The seizurogenecity of naloxone in tramadol overdose

Paramedics were called to an unconscious 40-year-old-male, who was presumed to have taken an overdose of a presently unknown substance. On arrival, the patient was found responsive to pain only. His...

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