References
Paramedic non-technical skills: aviation style behavioural rating systems
Abstract
In healthcare, the general attitude towards error is the ‘person approach’ (St Pierre et al, 2008). The person approach attributes fault or blame with the healthcare provider if an error occurs. It is often believed that the error occurred due to a lack of knowledge, or that the clinician did not pay attention, or did not do their best. This viewpoint inevitably results in a culture of naming, blaming and shaming; the solution is often to try harder (St Pierre et al, 2008).
James Reason's famous Swiss cheese model (Reason, 2008) describe best how errors occur and emphasizes that both organizational and human factors have to be considered. Each layer of the cheese represents an organizational, personal or environmental defence, and each is imperfect as shown by the ‘holes’. For an accident to occur, latent conditions, active errors and local triggering events coincide (Figure 1).
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